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Ancient Greek Dictionary

Ancient Greek-English Dictionary Language

εἰμί?

-μι athematic Verb; 전접어 Transliteration: eimi

Principal Part: εἰμί ἔσομαι

Structure: ἔς (Stem) + τον (Ending)

Sense

  1. I am

Note

현재 직설법 중 2인칭 단수만 제외하고 나머지는 모두 전접어임. 현재 직설법 3인칭 단수의 경우 종종 강조의 목적으로 페눌트에 강세가 오기도 함.

Conjugation

Present tense

Active
1st person2nd person3rd person
IndicativeSingular εἰμί εἶ ἐστί(ν)
Dual ἔστον ἔστον
Plural ἔσμεν ἔστε εἴσι(ν)
SubjunctiveSingular ὦ ᾖς ᾖ
Dual ἦτον ἦτον
Plural ὦμεν ἦτε ὦσι(ν)
OptativeSingular εἴην εἴης εἴη
Dual εἴητον, εἶτον εἴητην, εἴτην
Plural εἴημεν, εἶμεν εἴητε, εἶτε εἴησαν, εἶεν
ImperativeSingular ἴσθι ἔστω
Dual ἔστον ἔστων
Plural ἔστε ἔστων
Infinitive εἶναι
Participle MasculineFeminineNeuter
ὤν ὄντος οὖσα οὔσας ὄν ὄντος

Future tense

Middle
1st person2nd person3rd person
IndicativeSingular ἔσομαι ἔσει, ἔσῃ ἔσεται
Dual ἔσεσθον ἔσεσθον
Plural ἐσόμεθα ἔσεσθε ἔσονται
OptativeSingular ἐσοίμην ἔσοιο ἔσοιτο
Dual ἔσοισθον ἐσοίσθην
Plural ἐσοίμεθα ἔσοισθε ἔσοιντο
Infinitive ἔσεσθαι
Participle MasculineFeminineNeuter
ἐσομενος ἐσομενου ἐσομενη ἐσομενης ἐσομενον ἐσομενου

Imperfect tense

Active
1st person2nd person3rd person
IndicativeSingular ἦ, ἦν ἦσθα ἦν
Dual ἦστον ἤστην
Plural ἦμεν ἦτε ἦσαν

The inflection forms above were generated by rules and some usages of them were not attested.

Due to a bug of system, some forms may display wrong accents.

Examples

  • ἡ δὲ γῆ ἦν ἀόρατος καὶ ἀκατασκεύαστος, καὶ σκότος ἐπάνω τῆς ἀβύσσου, καὶ πνεῦμα Θεοῦ ἐπεφέρετο ἐπάνω τοῦ ὕδατος. (Septuagint, Liber Genesis 1:2)
  • Καὶ εἶπεν ὁ Θεός. γενηθήτω στερέωμα ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ ὕδατος καὶ ἔστω διαχωρίζον ἀνὰ μέσον ὕδατος καὶ ὕδατος. καὶ ἐγένετο οὕτως. (Septuagint, Liber Genesis 1:6)
  • καὶ ἐποίησεν ὁ Θεὸς τὸ στερέωμα, καὶ διεχώρισεν ὁ Θεὸς ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ ὕδατος, ὃ ἦν ὑποκάτω τοῦ στερεώματος, καὶ ἀναμέσον τοῦ ὕδατος τοῦ ἐπάνω τοῦ στερεώματος. (Septuagint, Liber Genesis 1:7)
  • καὶ πᾶν χλωρὸν ἀγροῦ πρὸ τοῦ γενέσθαι ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς καὶ πάντα χόρτον ἀγροῦ πρὸ τοῦ ἀνατεῖλαι. οὐ γὰρ ἔβρεξεν ὁ Θεὸς ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, καὶ ἄνθρωπος οὐκ ἦν ἐργάζεσθαι αὐτήν. (Septuagint, Liber Genesis 2:5)
  • Καὶ εἶπε Κύριος ὁ Θεός. οὐ καλὸν εἶναι τὸν ἄνθρωπον μόνον. ποιήσωμεν αὐτῷ βοηθὸν κατ᾿ αὐτόν. (Septuagint, Liber Genesis 2:18)
  • καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ. τῆς φωνῆς σου ἤκουσα περιπατοῦντος ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ καὶ ἐφοβήθην, ὅτι γυμνός εἰμι, καὶ ἐκρύβην. (Septuagint, Liber Genesis 3:10)
  • καὶ εἶπε Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς πρὸς Κάϊν. ποῦ ἔστιν Ἄβελ ὁ ἀδελφός σου; καὶ εἶπεν. οὐ γινώσκω. μὴ φύλαξ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ μου εἰμὶ ἐγώ; (Septuagint, Liber Genesis 4:9)
  • εἰπὸν οὖν, ὅτι ἀδελφὴ αὐτοῦ εἰμι, ὅπως ἂν εὖ μοι γένηται διὰ σέ, καὶ ζήσεται ἡ ψυχή μου ἕνεκέν σου. (Septuagint, Liber Genesis 12:13)
  • ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ δὲ Ἅβραμ ἐτῶν ἐνενηκονταεννέα, καὶ ὤφθη Κύριος τῷ Ἅβραμ καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ. ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ Θεός σου. εὐαρέστει ἐνώπιον ἐμοῦ καὶ γίνου ἄμεμπτος, (Septuagint, Liber Genesis 17:1)
  • καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς Ἁβραὰμ εἶπε. νῦν ἠρξάμην λαλῆσαι πρὸς τὸν Κύριόν μου, ἐγὼ δέ εἰμι γῆ καὶ σποδός. (Septuagint, Liber Genesis 18:27)

Related

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Derived

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Source: Ancient Greek entries from Wiktionary

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