Hellas Alive Dictionary

Ancient Greek-English Dictionary

πονέω

ε-contract Verb; Transliteration:

Principal Part: πονέω

Structure: πονέ (Stem) + ω (Ending)

Sense

to work hard, do work, suffer toil, were busied, was busy
to be in distress, to distress oneself, to suffer, be sick
to work hard at, to make or do with pains or care
to toil, labour, to labour, do
to go through, suffer
to labour, be hard-pressed, suffer, to be worn out, spoilt
to afflict, distress, to be worn out, to suffer greatly
to be trained or educated
to gain by toil or labour, to be won or achieved by toil

Conjugation

Present tense

Active
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
Indicative	Singular	πονῶ	πονεῖς	πονεῖ
	Dual		πονεῖτον	πονεῖτον
	Plural	πονοῦμεν	πονεῖτε	πονοῦσιν*
Subjunctive	Singular	πονῶ	πονῇς	πονῇ
	Dual		πονῆτον	πονῆτον
	Plural	πονῶμεν	πονῆτε	πονῶσιν*
Optative	Singular	πονοῖμι	πονοῖς	πονοῖ
	Dual		πονοῖτον	πονοίτην
	Plural	πονοῖμεν	πονοῖτε	πονοῖεν
Imperative	Singular		πόνει	πονείτω
	Dual		πονεῖτον	πονείτων
	Plural		πονεῖτε	πονούντων, πονείτωσαν
Infinitive		πονεῖν
Participle		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Participle		πονων πονουντος	πονουσα πονουσης	πονουν πονουντος
Middle/Passive
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
Indicative	Singular	πονοῦμαι	πονεῖ, πονῇ	πονεῖται
	Dual		πονεῖσθον	πονεῖσθον
	Plural	πονούμεθα	πονεῖσθε	πονοῦνται
Subjunctive	Singular	πονῶμαι	πονῇ	πονῆται
	Dual		πονῆσθον	πονῆσθον
	Plural	πονώμεθα	πονῆσθε	πονῶνται
Optative	Singular	πονοίμην	πονοῖο	πονοῖτο
	Dual		πονοῖσθον	πονοίσθην
	Plural	πονοίμεθα	πονοῖσθε	πονοῖντο
Imperative	Singular		πονοῦ	πονείσθω
	Dual		πονεῖσθον	πονείσθων
	Plural		πονεῖσθε	πονείσθων, πονείσθωσαν
Infinitive		πονεῖσθαι
Participle		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Participle		πονουμενος πονουμενου	πονουμενη πονουμενης	πονουμενον πονουμενου

Imperfect tense

Active
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
Indicative	Singular	ἐπόνουν	ἐπόνεις	ἐπόνειν*
	Dual		ἐπονεῖτον	ἐπονείτην
	Plural	ἐπονοῦμεν	ἐπονεῖτε	ἐπόνουν
Middle/Passive
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
Indicative	Singular	ἐπονούμην	ἐπονοῦ	ἐπονεῖτο
	Dual		ἐπονεῖσθον	ἐπονείσθην
	Plural	ἐπονούμεθα	ἐπονεῖσθε	ἐπονοῦντο

The inflection forms above were generated by rules and some usages of them were not attested.

Due to a bug of system, some forms may display wrong accents.

Examples

πάντα γὰρ ταῦτα ὑπὸ φιλανθρωπίασ οἱ θεοὶ πονοῦσιν, πρὸσ τὸν ἐπὶ τῆσ γῆσ βίον ἕκαστοσ συντελοῦντεσ. (Lucian, Bis accusatus sive tribunalia, (no name) 1:13)
τὸ δ’ ἐστὶ καὶ ῥηθῆναι κατ’ ἀξίαν ἀδύνατον τοσαῦτα πονοῦσιν καὶ κάμνουσιν ἐν ταῖσ συνουσίαισ, ὥστε πλείονοσ ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦτο μάλιστα τῆσ ὑγιείασ δεῖσθαι, μυρίων ὄντων ὁσημέραι τῶν ἐπιτριβόντων τὸ σῶμα καὶ πρὸσ ἐσχάτην ἀπόγνωσιν καταπονούντων. (Lucian, De mercede, (no name) 6:5)
θεωρῶ πλησίον καθήμενοσ, πονοῦσιν ἕτεροι δ’, οἷσ λέγω τὰσ αἰτίασ καὶ τἀποβαῖνον · (Athenaeus, The Deipnosophists, Book 3, book 3, chapter 60 6:6)
‐ ὑποκείσθω δὴ πρῶτον ἡ βελτίστη διάθεσισ ὑπὸ τῶν βελτίστων γίγνεσθαι, καὶ πράττεσθαι ἄριστα περὶ ἕκαστον ἀπὸ τῆσ ἑκάστου ἀρετῆσ, οἱο͂ν πόνοι τε ἄριστοι καὶ τροφὴ ἀφ’ ὧν γίνεται εὐεξία, καὶ ἀπὸ τῆσ εὐεξίασ πονοῦσιν ἄριστα· (Aristotle, Eudemian Ethics, Book 2 38:2)
γενομένων δὲ οἱο͂ν εἰκὸσ ἐν τόποισ σκληροῖσ μεταβολῶν κατὰ τὰσ φυγὰσ καὶ διώξεισ, ἑκάτεροι τοῖσ πονοῦσιν ἀεὶ καὶ ὑποχωροῦσιν ἐπιπέμποντεσ βοήθειαν ἐκ τῶν στρατοπέδων, καὶ ἤδη τοῦ ἀέροσ ἀνακαθαιρομένου καθορῶντεσ τὰ γινόμενα πανστρατιᾷ συνέβαλον. (Plutarch, Titus Flamininus, chapter 8 2:1)

Synonyms

to work hard
- κοπιάω (to work hard, toil)
to be in distress
- τείρω (to suffer distress)
- μογέω (to suffer pain, be distressed)
to work hard at
- ἐκπονέω (to work hard)
to toil
- ἐπασκέω (to labour or toil at, finish carefully)
- μογέω (to labour at)
- συγκάμνω (to work, toil or travail with, to join in labour)
to go through
- προίημι (to suffer)
- περιοράω (having suffered)
- νοσέω (I suffer)
- μοχθίζω (to suffer, suffering)
- διοιχνέω (to go through)
- διεκπεραίνω (to go through with)
- διανέομαι (to go through)
- ἀναβλώσκω (to go through)
to afflict
- ἀτάομαι (to suffer greatly, be in dire distress)
- ὀϊζύω (to suffer, to suffer greatly)
to be trained or educated
- παιδεύω (I train, teach, educate)
- καταρτύω (to train, educate, discipline)
- παιδαγωγέω (to educate)
- πωλοδαμνέω (to train up)
- μουσόομαι (to be trained in the ways of the Muses, to be educated or accomplished)

Derived

διαπονέω (to work out with labour, to get worked out, to be managed)
ἐκπονέω (to work out, finish off, wrought)
ἐπιπονέω (to toil on, persevere)
προπονέω (to work or labour beforehand, to work for or instead of, to work for)
προσεπιπονέω (to work still more, to take the additional trouble)
συμπονέω (to work with or together, to take part in labouring, with)
συνεκπονέω (to help in working out, to help in achieving or effecting, to assist to the utmost)
ὑπερπονέω (to labour beyond measure, take further trouble, to bear or endure for)

Similar forms

Source: Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. "A Greek-English Lexicon". revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones.

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Ancient Greek Dictionary

Ancient Greek-English Dictionary Language

English

한국어

πονέω

Sense

Conjugation

Present tense

Imperfect tense

Examples

Synonyms

to work hard

to be in distress

to work hard at

to toil

to go through

to afflict

to be trained or educated

Derived

Similar forms

SEARCH

MENU NAVIGATION

Ancient Greek Dictionary

Ancient Greek-English Dictionary Language English 한국어

πονέω

Sense

Conjugation

Present tense

Imperfect tense

Examples

Synonyms

to work hard

to be in distress

to work hard at

to toil

to go through

to afflict

to be trained or educated

Derived

Similar forms

SEARCH

MENU NAVIGATION

Ancient Greek-English Dictionary Language

English

한국어